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FIG 5 @2 INVENTOR,

Fre

J. P. MGCANDLESS.

BLANK BOOK.

Patented Mar. 18, 1884.

WITNESSES. Wx/'KW I UNITED Srnrnsi BLANK- BOOK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.Y 295,266, dated Marchl,1884.

Application filed July 5, 1876.

.To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, Josnrnl?. McCANDLn'ss, a'citizen of the UnitedStates, and a residentv of the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Books, of which the followingis a full, complete, and exact specification, reference being had to theannexed drawings.

My invention relates to an improvement in books, by means of which thebody of the book or the sheets can be adjusted to the cover and removedfrom the same and a new body sup- ,plied as often as necessary.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front view of my improved book lyingopen. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line .fr y of Fig. il, the bookbeing still open. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line y, Fig. l, thebook being closed. Fig. 4 shows a front and side view of the U -shapedWire forming the attachment by means of which thebody may be connectedwith or removed from thecover. Fig. shows an end view as well as atransverse sectional viewr of the same attachment.

Similar letters referto similar parts throughout the drawings.-

In the drawings, A indicates the cover, having a ilenible joint or back,B.

H V'indicates the U-shaped Wire, which is made of a piece of metal Wirebent in the middle, so that one portion shall be parallel to the other,leaving at the bent end H sufficient curvature to insure requisiteelasticity to the portion H, The lower arm, H5, of the U-shaped wireHterrninates as shown in the hook HL. rlhe upper arm of the U-shapedwire is indicated by H, and the end of said Y armis indicated by H3. Theknobs or buttons HL are only used for the purpose of covering 4o theends of the Wire H and causing them to present a neat appearance.

The sheets of paper used to form the book to the cover of which thisU-shaped Wire H as constructed is attached are arranged in the 45following manner: The requisite number ot' long or open sheets of paper,(indicated by E.) Whose length is nearly conformable to that of thecover, are taken and laid out openly over the entire length of thecover. Then above 5o these, on each side, I place any number of shortsheets, .the sets of which are indicated respectively by C and D. Theseshort sheets 'and covering the same completely with a piece C and D arearranged with their backs to- Ward each other in such a manner as toleave between them a groove or recess, F, forthe reception of the upperarm, H6, of the U- shaped' Wire H; or, if preferred, a piece of cloth orother suitable material may be substituted for the set of long sheets E.In this case the cloth would only extend far enough on the sheets C andD to admit of fastening it to the latter. The recess F is covered withcloth, canvas, or other suitable material, G, the edges of which are-fastened to the ends of the set-s C and'D at C' and D by any suitablemeans, preferably by pasting. The object of this piece ofcanvas is toprevent the Wire H from cutting or wearing out the sheets formingthe setE, which would result from the frequent opening and closing of the book.7o These short sheets of paper C and D are secured to the setEby meansof fasteners, which are driven through the sheets at C and D from oneside and clinched on the other; or the sheets may be sewed together.This arrangement of the body or the sheets of the book enables me toconstruct my book in such a manner as to include in the saine bodysheets devoted to entirely different purposes-for instance, one set ofsheets C may be a memorandum account 8o and the set of sheets D may be acash account, and vice versa. The U-shaped wire H is sej cured to theback or iieXible joint B byplacing ou said back the lower arm, H5, ofsaid wire 8 5 of canvas or leather, B, with the exception of the hookH2, which projects through and above the material, and securing the sameto the back by pasting it over the back and a portion of each side ofthe cover. The body ofthe book is thus adjusted to the cover A. Thebody, as above constructed, is placed on the cover, so that the upperarm, H, of the U-shaped wire shall fall in the recess F, when the bodyis secured by placing the end H3 ot' the arm H6 in the hook H2;

The advantage which results from the use of this U-shaped Wire, as Wellas from this method of constructing the body ot' the book, is that thebody or the sheets of the book mayl be removed and a new one substitutedin its place when the former shall have been used; and, again, the bodyof the book is not liable to displacement when most of the leaves haveIOC been torn-out atl-the perforar-dons indicated by A, having attachedto-itsfiieXible-joint orback I. Neither has the body of the book anytend- B the U-shaped wire I-I, constructed as deency to spring open atthe middle, which will scribed, the open sheets E, and the short sheetsi5 happen when a Wire or rubber band is used Gand D,arranged andoperatingallin the man- 5 Without the recess F. ner described, and forthe purposes set forth. What I claim as new, and desire to secure l 3.In a book, the combination of the`cover by Letters Patent, is- A Withthe U-shaped Wire II, constructed sub- 1. The combination of the opensheets E stantialy as described andl set forth.' and the short sheetsGand D, provided with .v J. P. MCCANDLESS. 1o the recess F,substantially in the manner de- Witnesses:

scribed and set forth. SAML. F. HAY,

2. In a book, the combination of the cover EDWARD D. MAcKINTosH.

